Hydraulic elevator.



K. E. O.- J ANSSON. HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7, 190a. RENEWED SEPT. 24. 1913.

1,094,998, I Patented Apr. 28, 1914.

46 44 4 24.? jg 4'5 51 I G -46); 52 N Q 25 40 48 II 42 4 i I i 1s 1b 3 I3 4 v 22 2 g l 2 ,k I l 7 l 9mm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KARL E. OSSIAN JANSSON, 0F FLUSHING, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO STANDARDPLUNGER ELEVATOR COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. L, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 28, 1914.

Application filed May '7, 1908, Serial No. 431,343. Renewed September24, 1913. Serial No. 791,649.

"1 '1) all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL E. OssIAN JANS- son, citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Flushing, in the county of Queens and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in HydraulicElevators, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification.

This invention relates to hydraulic valves for elevators, moreespecially has reference to the double type of valve wherein separatevalve stems and cylinders are employed respectively for the supply andexhaust.

According to this invention, a main valve is provided wherein the valvepistons are actuated by the water pressure and also the valve positivelyheld seated thereby, suitable pilot valves for each valve beingprovided, together with actuating connections and controlling meanswhereby only one of the pilot valves can be actuated at a time, theother being automatically rendered inoperative as soon as one valvecommences to open, and remaining so until it has closed.

In the form of the invention herein shown, the main valve stems are eachmade hollow, and the pilot valve stems are mounted therein, suitablelever connections adapted to be operated from the elevator car or otherpoint being connected with the pilot valve. In order to prevent onepilot valve from being operated to open its valve while the other valveis open, each main valve stem is provided with a movable abutment, whichabutments when both valves are closed, permit either valve to be opened,either of said abut-ments, when one valve is open mechanically lockingthe pilot valve ot the other valve until the opened valve has been againclosed.

The invention also comprises a pilot valve construction wherein bothcasing and valve stem are movable, but having connections with the mainvalve, such that the pilot valve sections move at difierent rates andproportional to the throw given the pilot valve in starting.

A further feature of the invent-ion relates to means whereby the speedsof closing the valves may be regulated, and thereby the speed ofstopping of the elevator regulated,

The invention will be more fully understood in connection with thedescription of the accompanying drawing representing a valve mechanismwherein 1 represents the valve casing, herein shown as cast in a singlepiece for the two valves,though separate castings may be used, and thevalve will be described herein without particular reference to eitherform of construction. The valve casing 1 is formed to contain twocylindrical linings 2, 3, the left-l1andside containing the lining 2being hereafter considered the sup ply, and the right-hand sidecontaining the lining 3, being hereafter considered the exhaust side.

1 is the inlet for water under pressure to the supply side, passingthrough ports 5 in the lining 2 and bearing on the piston 6 forming apart of the hollow valve-stem 7. The piston 6 is the controlling pistonand moves over the ports 5 so as to permit the water to pass around thepiston 6 through ports 8, and thence out of the supply side of the valvethrough the pipe 9. The pipe 9 will be connected with the motor cylinderso that when the ports 5 and 8 are in communication around the piston 6,the motor will be moved in one direction by the supply. The upper end ofthe valve-stem 7 is enlarged as. at 10, which enlargement is packed, sothat the efiective area of the piston 6 will be approximately one-halfof that of the piston 11 on the lower end of the valve-stem 7. Alsobetween the pistons 6 and 11 a balancing piston 12 is provided, thepiston 11 seating positively against the interior of lower cylinder head13. It will be seen that when the supply is closed, the supply pressureis at all times acting on the upper side of piston G and positivelyseating the valve to hold it closed. The exhaust side is similarlyconstructed and the supply pressure will also positively hold the eXhaust valve stem 15 seated against the lower cylinder head 16 in thesame manner as in the case of the supply valve.

17 is a port in the casing communicating with the-exhaust valve, thepistons 18, 19, 20 corresponding respectively with the pistons 6,11 and12. On the exhaust side, the pipe 21 leads from the motor cylinder andthe piston 20 cuts off communication between the ports 22 and 28 to cutoft the exhaust. In the position shown in the drawings, the exhaustvalve is open and its pilot valve closed, but ready to be opened toclose the exhaust valve. The valvestems 7 and are preferably madehollow, and each contains a pilot valve stem reciprocating therein andcontrolling the actuating pressure.

is the pilot valve stem for the supply valve, having pistons 26, 27, 2Sthereon. Passing through the valve stem to beneath the piston 26 is apassage 29, and below the piston 26 the valve-stem 7 contains acontrolling port which is controlled by the piston 27. When the piston27 is opposite the port 30, the supply pressure through pipe st passesthrough passage 29 around pisten 27 at port 30 to a passage 31 beneaththe piston 11. Inasmuch as the piston 11 is approximately twice the areaof piston 6, the pressure under piston 11 when port 30 is open will movethe valve upward until piston (5 uncovers port 5, whereupon pressurepasses through the ports 5, S and pipe 9 to the motor. As the valve stem7 moves upward the movement will be stopped when the piston 27 closesthe ports 30. The pilot valve for the exhaust valve is similarlyconstructed, the actuating pressure being admitted to the exhaust pilotvalve through the passage 17.

When it is desired to close the supply valve, the pilot valve stem 25 isthrown downward until the piston 28 uncovers ports 33 in the lower endof thepilot valve casing. The ports 33 communicate through passage 34with exhaust pipe 35. The effect of opening the ports is to relieve thesupply pressure from beneath piston 11 so that the supply pressure ondifferential piston G will close the valve and at the same time closeoff the ports 33 by piston 28, the ports being formed in the lower endof the valve-stem 7 36 is a throttling plug mounted in passage 34:, byadjusting which the speed of closing of the supply valve can be adjustedindependently of its speed of opening, and thus determining the speed ofstopping the elevator in one direction. A similar throttling plug 38 isprovided in the passage 37 leading from the exhaust valve so that thespeed of stopping the elevator in the other direction canbeindependently controlled.

In order to prevent manipulation of the pilot valves so as to open bothvalves at once, means is provided whereby the open ing of one valvemechanically prevents actuation of the pilot-valve of the other valve toopen it, without preventing manipulation of the other pilot valve toclose the open valve. These connections, in addition to permittingmanual opening of either pilot valve, are so mounted that the movementof the main-valve in opening automatically closes the pilot valve aftera predetermined throw so that the movement of the main pivoted at 46 isthe pilot valve stem 27 valve will be proportional to the initial throwgiven the pilot valve.

40 is an operating lever connected to a. rope 41 and operating the rockshaft 4-2 carrying an arm a3. Connected at one side of the arm i3 bylink at and a bell crank 4:5 A similar connection is provided for theexhaust pilot valve stem 2%. The bell crank levers 45 are carried bysupports lSmoumed on the enlarged plug 10 so that the bell cranks at?).and pivots move with their respective main valves as do also the pilotvalve stems 25, 22L, though at a different rate by reason of the pivotaln'iovementof the respective bell crank levers, by reason of the factthat the operating lever will be held fixed by the operator. in theusual manner. In the position shown in the drawings, the exhaust valveis in position to close, in order to accomplish which the lever a0 willbe thrown downward by pulling downward on the rope l1 throwing the arm43 to the right until it hits abutment 50 carried by the plug 10. Theetlect of this is to throw the pilot valve stem 24: downward so that thepiston 28 uncovers the ports 33 of the exhaust side, thus unbalancingthe piston 19 and permitting the pressure on piston 18, admitted throughpassage 17, to move the exhaust valve downward until piston 20 cuts oii'the passage between ports 22 and 23, the piston 19 at the same timeseating on the head 16. As the *alve stem 15 moves downward, the wholepilot valve moves downward, at a diflerent though proportional rate,inasmuch as the right hand link 4.4. controlling the valve stem 24-swings about its connection with the arm -13. The eiiect of this is totend to give the pilot valve stem Bet a slight upward movement,relatively to the main valve stem 15 so that the piston 28 will cut oilthe port 33 a 1' about the time the piston '19 seats on the cylinderhead 16, thus bringing the valve to rest, in case the pilot valve wasgiven full throw.

The function of the abutment 50 is to prevent throwing the arm 43 pastthe center until the abutment 50 has dropped so low that the arm can bethrown by the center in order to throw the pilot valve stem 25 and shiftthe supply valve. Thus, the arm 4-3 cannot pass by the center until theend of the abutment 50 is below the notch 51 in the arm 43. At thistime, both valves are closed and either one can be opened by actuatingits pilot valve upward. It will also be seen that an abutment 52 on thesupply valve similar to abutment 5O prevents the arm 4-3 from beingthrown any farther to the leftwhen the supply valve is open, thereby preventing the pilot valve stem 2% from being moved to start the exhaustvalve while the supply valve is open. It will be seen that movement ofthe pilot valve stem 25 upward, as happens when the arm 43 is thrownagainst abutment 50, does not have any effect upon the supply valve asno ports are uncovered by either the piston 27 or piston 28 when movedupward.

It will be observed that both the casing (main valve stem) and piston ofthe pilot valve herein shown, move together, but that the movement ofthe pilot-valve stem, while proportional to, is less than, that of themain valve stem.

From the foregoing description, it is thought that the objects andadvantages of the invention will be fully understood. It will be seenthat such a valve will occupy considerably less space than a three-wayvalve, and also there will be fewer parts, and the whole valve will bemore accessible for inspection or repair.

It will be understood that the terms supply and exhaust, as herein used,are relative only, and that the invention is not confined to the exactconstruction and uses herein described.

Having thus described my invention, what I declare as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

l. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supplyvalve and an exhaust valve, of a pilot valve for each valve, and meanswhereby when one valve is open, the pilot valve of the other isprevented from being operated to open that valve.

2. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supplyvalve and an exhaust valve, of a pilot valve for each valve, a singlemeans for actuating both pilot valves, and means whereby when one valveis open, the pilot valve of the other valve is prevented from beingopened to start the other valve.

The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supplyvalve and an exhaust valve, or" a pilot valve for each valve, means foropening either pilot valve when both valves are closed, connec tionswhereby the movement of one valve closes its pilot valve. and meanswhereby the other pilot-valve is prevented from beil'lg opened when onevalve is open.

l. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising separate supply andexhaust valves, of a pilot valve for controlling each of said valves, acommon actuating connection for said pilot valves, and means moving witheach of said valves for mechanically locking the pilot valve of theother to prevent starting of the latter valve while the former is open.

The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising separate supply andexhaust valves, of a separate pilot valve for controlling each of saidvalves independently, and means preventing actuation of both of saidpilot valves suiiicient to eitect a simultaneous movement of bothvalves.

(3. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising separate supplyand exhaust alves, and a separate pilot valve within the stem of each ofsaid valves, of means whereby one valve when open prevents operation ofthe pilot valve of the other to open it.

7. The combination with a hydraulic valve cmnprising separate motoroperated supply and exhaust valves, and a separate pilot valve for eachot said valves, of a manual operating device connected to both of saidpilot valves and actuating one or the other of said pilot valves to openthe corresponding valve according to the direction in which moved, andmeans whereby either valve when open limits the throw of said operatingdevice to prevent operation of the other valve. I

8. The combination with a plurality of independent motors, and aseparate pilot valve for controlling each motor, of means whereby onemotor during its cycle of action mechanically locks the pilot valve of:the other motor against actuation to start said other motor.

9. The combination with a plurality of in dependent motors, and a pilotvalve mecha nism for controlling one or the other of said motors, saidpilot valve mechanism comprising separate controlling portions for eachmotor, of means whereby one motor during its cycle of actionmechanically looks that portion of the pilot valve mechanism controllingthe other motor against actua tion to control the other motor.

10. The combination with a plurality of independent motors, and a pilotvalve mechanism tor controlling one or the other of said motors, said.pilot valve mechanism comprising separate controlling portions for eachmotor, of means whereby one motor during its cycle of actionmechanically looks that portion of the pilot valve mechanism controllingthe other motor against actuation to control the other motor, and meanswhereby the inactive motor is held positively stationary by waterpressure.

11. The combination with a plurality of valves. each comprising ports, astem and pistons, of movable abutments carried by said stems, a pilotvalve mechanism for controlling said valves, said pilot valve mechanismbeing movable from one to another side of a central position to startone or the other of said valves, and means whereby one or the other ofsaid abutments limits the actuation of said pilot valve mechanism.

The combination with a plurality of valves, one controlling the supplyand the other the exhaust. of a separate pilot valve for controlling theopening and closing of each valve, a common actuating connection,

and means for independently regulating the of a pilot valve comprising aported casing movable with the main valve, a manually operable stemhaving means for controlling said ports to start said main valve andsaid movable pilot valve section, and connections whereby the movementof the main valve moves both pilot valve sections at different rates,whereby to close the pilot valve ports and stop the main valve.

1 The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supplyvalve IUHl'fill exhaust valve, of a pilot valve mechanism for 'noving'one or the other of said valves and means whereby the movement of onevalve mechanically locks said pilot alve mechanism to prevent control ofthe other 'alve. i

15. The combination with a hydraulic valve comprising a separate supplyvalve and an exhaust valve, of a. pilot valve mechanism for moving oneor the other of said valves, said pilot valve mechanism comprising twoparts and connections with said sup ply and exhaust valves whereby thedegree of movement of one part of the pilot valve determines the extentof movement of the supply or exhaust valve controlled thereby.

16. The combination with a hydraulic valve mechanism comprising separatemain supply and exhaust controlling valves, of a pilot valve mechanismfor each valve eom n'ising two movable parts, one being manuallv movableto start the valve, and both moving with the main valve. but atdillerent rates of speed to close the pilot valve and stop the movement.of the main valve.

17. The eombinatimi with a hydraulic valve mechanism comprising separatemain supplv and exhaust controlling valves, of a pilot valve mechanismtor each valve comprising two mo able parts, one being manuall v movableto start the valve and both mo viugr with the main valve. but at(lilierent rates of speed, to close the pilot valve and stop themovement of the main valve. the connections being such that the throw ofthe manually movable. pilot valve section (lelermines the extent o'tmovement of the main valve.

in testimony whereof I aliix my signature, in presence ot two witnesses.

KARL l5. ()SSTAN JANSSON.

\Yitnesses:

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

